ImpulseTurbin:
1.Pelton
2.Turgo turbine
1.Pelton:
1. Invented by Pelton in 1890.
2. The Pelton turbine is a tangential The Pelton turbine is a tangential flow impulse turbine.
3. The Pelton wheel is most efficient in high head applications.
4. Power plants with net heads ranging from 200 to 1,500 m.
5. The largest units can be up to 200 Megawatts Megawatts.
6. Pelton turbines are best suited for high head and low flow sites.
7. Depending on water flow and design, Pelton wheels can operate with heads as small as 15 meters and as high as 1800 meters.
8. As the height of fall increases, less volume of water can generate the same power.
Horizontal Arrangement of a Pelton Turbine
Horizontal arrangement is found only in medium and small-sized turbines with usually one or two jets. In some designs, up to four jets have been used. The flow passes through the inlet end to the nozzle outlet, where it flows out as a compact jet thro gh atmospheric air on to the heel b cketsHorizontal arrangement is found only in medium and small-sized turbines with usually one or two jets. In some designs, up to four jets have been used. The flow passes through the inlet end to the nozzle outlet, where it flows out as a compact jet through the atmospheric air on to the heel b tickets.
From the to let of the buckets, the waterfalls through the pit down into the tailwater canal.
Vertical Arrangement of a Pelton Turbine
Large Pelton turbines with many jets are normally arranged with a vertical shaft. The jets are symmetrically distributed around the runner to balance the jet forces. The figure shows the vertical and horizontal sections of the arrangement of a six-jet vertical Pelton turbine.
Parts of a Pelton Turbine
1. The Pelton runners may be designed either for the casting of the disc and buckets in one piece, i.emonocast, or the disc and each of the buckets are casted in separate pieces.
2. The shape of the buckets is decisive for the efficiency of the turbines. Limitations, however, are that bucket shape always will be a compromise between a hydraulically ideal and a structural optimum design.
3. The runner disc is fastened to the shaft by bolts and nuts.
4. The turbine shaft of vertical Pelton turbines is made of forged steel with an integral flange at both ends. A hole is drilled centrally through the whole length of the shaft.
5. Journal and thrust bearings are provided with circulating oil to carry the heat dissipated by the shaft and bearings.
6. The distributor pipe is designed to provide an acceleration of the water flow through the bifurcation towards each of the main injectors. This design is advantageous,
7. The injector is operated hydraulically by servo motors.
Material of Pelton Turbine
Case : fabricated carbon steel to BS EN 10025:1993 S275JR
Runner: : cast Stainless BS3100 Grade 425 C11
Shaft seal : cast gunmetal labyrinth type seal
Bearings : rolling element or sleeve type
Spear /Needle valve : stainless steel internal components housed in a carbon Needle valve steel fabricated or cast branch pipe
Deflector : stainless steel plate stainless steel plate
The material of the runner and buckets are chosen according to the head The material of the runner and buckets are chosen according to the head, stresses, content of sand in the water and other strain factors. For the large turbines, the main strain factors are cavitation, sand erosion and cycle fatigue
Pelton Turbine Specifications
Dixence, Switzerland
Gross head: 1748 m
Net head: 1625 m
Jet veliocity : 1 / 77 m / s
Power: 18.6 MW
Speed: 500
Jet diameter: 94.2 mm
Pitch diameter of the wheel: 3.319m
Turgo Impulse Turbine
1. Turgo impulse turbine design was developed by Gilkes in 1919 to provide a simple impulse type machine with considerably higher specific speed than a sin le jet Pelton. The design allows a larger jet of water to be directed at an angle onto the runner's face.
2.The Turgo turbine is an impulse water turbine designed for medium head applications.
3. Turgo runners may have an efficiency of over 90%.
4. A Turgo runner looks like a Pelton runner split in half. For the same runner split in half. For the same power, the Turgo runner is one half the diameter of the Pelton runner and so twice the specific speed.
5. The Turgo can handle a greater water flow than the Pelton because exiting water does not interfere with adjacent buckets.
Parts of Turgo Impulse Turbine
The material of Turgo Impulse Turbine
Case : fabricated carbon steel to BS EN 10025:1993 S275JR
Runner : cast Stainless BS3100 Grade 425 C11 or Aluminium bronze Gr. AB2C
Shaft seal : cast gunmetal labyrinth type seal
Bearings : rolling element or sleeve type
Spear/needle valve : stainless steel internal components housed in a carbon steel
fabricated or cast branch pipe steel fabricated or cast branch pipe
Deflector : stainless steel plate
1.Pelton
2.Turgo turbine
1.Pelton:
1. Invented by Pelton in 1890.
2. The Pelton turbine is a tangential The Pelton turbine is a tangential flow impulse turbine.
3. The Pelton wheel is most efficient in high head applications.
4. Power plants with net heads ranging from 200 to 1,500 m.
5. The largest units can be up to 200 Megawatts Megawatts.
6. Pelton turbines are best suited for high head and low flow sites.
7. Depending on water flow and design, Pelton wheels can operate with heads as small as 15 meters and as high as 1800 meters.
8. As the height of fall increases, less volume of water can generate the same power.
Horizontal Arrangement of a Pelton Turbine
Horizontal arrangement is found only in medium and small-sized turbines with usually one or two jets. In some designs, up to four jets have been used. The flow passes through the inlet end to the nozzle outlet, where it flows out as a compact jet thro gh atmospheric air on to the heel b cketsHorizontal arrangement is found only in medium and small-sized turbines with usually one or two jets. In some designs, up to four jets have been used. The flow passes through the inlet end to the nozzle outlet, where it flows out as a compact jet through the atmospheric air on to the heel b tickets.
From the to let of the buckets, the waterfalls through the pit down into the tailwater canal.
Vertical Arrangement of a Pelton Turbine
Large Pelton turbines with many jets are normally arranged with a vertical shaft. The jets are symmetrically distributed around the runner to balance the jet forces. The figure shows the vertical and horizontal sections of the arrangement of a six-jet vertical Pelton turbine.
Parts of a Pelton Turbine
1. The Pelton runners may be designed either for the casting of the disc and buckets in one piece, i.emonocast, or the disc and each of the buckets are casted in separate pieces.
2. The shape of the buckets is decisive for the efficiency of the turbines. Limitations, however, are that bucket shape always will be a compromise between a hydraulically ideal and a structural optimum design.
3. The runner disc is fastened to the shaft by bolts and nuts.
4. The turbine shaft of vertical Pelton turbines is made of forged steel with an integral flange at both ends. A hole is drilled centrally through the whole length of the shaft.
5. Journal and thrust bearings are provided with circulating oil to carry the heat dissipated by the shaft and bearings.
6. The distributor pipe is designed to provide an acceleration of the water flow through the bifurcation towards each of the main injectors. This design is advantageous,
7. The injector is operated hydraulically by servo motors.
Material of Pelton Turbine
Case : fabricated carbon steel to BS EN 10025:1993 S275JR
Runner: : cast Stainless BS3100 Grade 425 C11
Shaft seal : cast gunmetal labyrinth type seal
Bearings : rolling element or sleeve type
Spear /Needle valve : stainless steel internal components housed in a carbon Needle valve steel fabricated or cast branch pipe
Deflector : stainless steel plate stainless steel plate
The material of the runner and buckets are chosen according to the head The material of the runner and buckets are chosen according to the head, stresses, content of sand in the water and other strain factors. For the large turbines, the main strain factors are cavitation, sand erosion and cycle fatigue
Pelton Turbine Specifications
Dixence, Switzerland
Gross head: 1748 m
Net head: 1625 m
Jet veliocity : 1 / 77 m / s
Power: 18.6 MW
Speed: 500
Jet diameter: 94.2 mm
Pitch diameter of the wheel: 3.319m
Turgo Impulse Turbine
1. Turgo impulse turbine design was developed by Gilkes in 1919 to provide a simple impulse type machine with considerably higher specific speed than a sin le jet Pelton. The design allows a larger jet of water to be directed at an angle onto the runner's face.
2.The Turgo turbine is an impulse water turbine designed for medium head applications.
3. Turgo runners may have an efficiency of over 90%.
4. A Turgo runner looks like a Pelton runner split in half. For the same runner split in half. For the same power, the Turgo runner is one half the diameter of the Pelton runner and so twice the specific speed.
5. The Turgo can handle a greater water flow than the Pelton because exiting water does not interfere with adjacent buckets.
Parts of Turgo Impulse Turbine
The material of Turgo Impulse Turbine
Case : fabricated carbon steel to BS EN 10025:1993 S275JR
Runner : cast Stainless BS3100 Grade 425 C11 or Aluminium bronze Gr. AB2C
Shaft seal : cast gunmetal labyrinth type seal
Bearings : rolling element or sleeve type
Spear/needle valve : stainless steel internal components housed in a carbon steel
fabricated or cast branch pipe steel fabricated or cast branch pipe
Deflector : stainless steel plate
Type of ImpulseTurbine
Reviewed by Unknown
on
June 16, 2018
Rating:
Reviewed by Unknown
on
June 16, 2018
Rating:
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